Changes in Primary HIV-1 Drug Resistance Due to War Migration from Eastern Europe.

In recent years, especially as a result of war in Ukraine, enormous movements of migration to Poland from eastern European countries have been reported, including people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We have conducted multi-center, prospective study, which aimed to establish HIV-1 subtype and assess the presence of primary drug resistance mutations to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients. The clinical trial recruited 117 individuals during 2 years period (2020-2022). The prevalence of HIV-1 subtype A was statistically significantly more frequent in Ukrainian, and HIV-1 subtype B in Polish patients (p < 0.05). Drug resistance mutations were detected in 44% of all cases and the comparison of presence of mutations in the analyzed groups, as well as in the subgroups of subtype A and B HIV-1 has not revealed any significant differences (p > 0.05), nevertheless Polish patients had multidrug resistance mutations more frequent (p < 0.05). The results from our trial show no increased risk of transmission of multidrug resistant HIV strains in our cohort of Ukrainian migrants.Clinical trials. Gov number NCT04636736; date of registration: November 19, 2020.

[Malignancy cases in HIV-positive patients in Lodz region in years 1992-2010]. / Zachorowania na nowotwory pacjentów zakazonych HIV z regionu Lódzkiego w latach 1992-2010.

UNLABELLED: Cancers are increasingly recognized as a complication of HIV infection. The traditional AIDS defining cancers (ADCs), including Kaposi sarcoma, cervical cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, are common in HIV-positive individuals. However, in the period of antiretroviral therapy the incidence of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) has increased significantly. The aim of this study was to review the incidence and outcomes of cancers in HIV-infected patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Age, sex and CD 4 cells count at the moment of cancer diagnose were assessed. RESULTS: From 1992 to 2010 year cancers were diagnosed in 30 patients (one patient has two malignancies simultaneously). In study group ADCs were seen in 21 patients (68%) while NADCs were observed in 10 patients (32%). Mean age at the time of diagnose of ADCs and NADCs was 41.9 and 46.6 years, respectively. Mean CD4 cells count at the time of cancer diagnose of ADCs and NADCs was 177.5 and 201,0 cells/microL, respectively. The most common ADCs was non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and NADCs was lung cancer. In presented study only in 10 patients (33%) full remission of malignancy was reported. SUMMARY: ADCs are common group of cancers. Nowadays, in period of antiretroviral therapy NADCs are increasingly problem. The cancer-related mortality in HIV-positive patients is still significant.